JCEEES
Journal of Computer & Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sciences

JCEEES aims to publish original articles covering the theoretical foundations of major computer, electronic and electrical engineering sciences, as well as academic, commercial and educational aspects that propose new ideas for the application and design of artificial intelligence, software and information systems. In addition to wide-ranging regular topics, JCEEES also makes it a principle to include special topics covering specific topics in all areas of interest mainly in computational medicine, artificial intelligence, computer science, and electrical & electronic engineering science.

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Original Article
Genetic algorithm-based optimization of PID controller parameters for DC motor speed control
Abstract
This study investigated the optimization of PID controller parameters for DC motor speed control using genetic algorithms, comparing the results with the traditional Ziegler-Nichols tuning method. A comprehensive mathematical model of a DC motor was developed in MATLAB/Script, incorporating realistic operating constraints and dynamic load variations to simulate practical industrial applications. The genetic algorithm was configured with a crossover rate of 90%, mutation rate of 3%, population size of 20 individuals, and single-point crossover method, running for 100 iterations. The fitness function incorporated multiple performance criteria including total error, settling time, and overshoot. The GA-optimized PID controller with parameters kp=95.984, ki=0.250, and kd=13.005 outperformed the Ziegler-Nichols-tuned controller (kp=20, ki=0.5, kd=3) across all performance metrics. Most notably, the overshoot was reduced by approximately 59% (from 4.724% to 1.922%), while maintaining comparable rise time. The controller also demonstrated excellent robustness when subjected to variable load torques of 20 N·m and 10 N·m at different points during simulation.

Keywords : PID controller, genetic algorithm, DC motor, Ziegler-Nichols method, speed control optimization

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Article available in :
Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025
Page : 47-53
https://doi.org/10.51271/JCEEES-0028
Article Information
Received : 03 Tem 2025
Accepted : 01 Eyl 2025
Published : 03 Eki 2025
Corresponding Author :

Zafer Civelek: Department of Electric and Electronic, Faculty of Engineering, Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkiye

[email protected]
Citation : Civelek, Z., & Teke, M. (2025). Genetic algorithm-based optimization of PID controller parameters for DC motor speed control. J Comp Electr Electron Eng Sci, 3(2), 47-53.

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